Fluid-pressure tool.



F. POLZER.

FLUID PRESSURE TOOL.

APPLICATION FILED APR} 30, 1908v Patented Mar. 9, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l,

F. POLZER.

FLUID PRESSURE TOOL.

APPLICATION FILED Am, 30. 1908.

Patented Mar.9,1909.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

i the parts of the valve; to im UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FBIDOLIN POLZER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., lifiSIGNOR TO I'. I. L. MANUFAOTURING COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A GOIlI-ORATION OF NEW YQRK.

mum-imam]: @001:

m. Mem

lpedfieation 01 Letters Patent.

Patented llmreh 9, 1909.

Application filed April 80, 190$ aerial No. 430,190.

To all whom it may corwern:

Be it'known that I, FRIDULIN PoLzlm, a s'ubject of the Em eror ofAustrio-Hungry, residing at New ork, in the county of cw .i'ork and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in I luid-l. ressu1'e Tools, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates more particularly to the valve mechanism for controlling the admission and exhaust of the motive fluid in this class of tools, and is designed to rendyer unnecessary extreme accuracy in fitti rt increase speed to the action of the too while at'the same time securing quiet and easy running,

and to simplify and reduce the cost of menu I feature of thie class of devices.

With; the above objects in view, as well as others which willhereinafter more reusiily appear, my said invention consists in the novel construction herein described and s the accompanying claims.

25, In order to more frilly describe said ing down; 1*

sectional View 0%:1

invention, reference will behind to e'ocwntiganying drawings which form a part of is specification and wherein- Figure 1, represents in vertical central section a pneumatic tool embodying my acid invent on, in which the piston hammer is on the-forward stroke; Fig. 2, a similar view of the some tool in which the said pistori hammer is .on'the luck stroke; Fig. 3, It croeeeection taken on line'3--3 Fig. 1, looking down; F ig. 4, a cross section taken nm line -i--4 Fig. 1, looking down; Fig. 5, a moss-section taken on line 5--5- Fig, 1, lookig. 6-, a croeseection taken on line 66 Fig, 2, looking down; 7, a side elevation of the valve removed from its casing, and Fi 8, a detail fragmentary modification of the valve mechanism shown in the receding figures. In the accompanying mwings I have shown my invention as applied to that type of fluid pressure tools wherein a piston hammer mounted to reciprocate in e cylin' der or barrel acts by impact upon a. tool inserted in one end of said barrel orextensimi thereof and wherein the motive fluid,

on and more particularly pointed out in formed an annular flange 10 which makes a Referring to the accompanying drawings. -1 re resents the cylinder casing, 2, the P15. ton iammer mounted to reci rocste therein, and 3, the cylinder cap, whic parts may be of the usual or any desired construction.

My invention relates more particularly to the means for controllin the admission and exhau'st'of the motive fluid to end from said cylinder, and inthe case shown oonsists,omon g other parts, of a valve box mounted within the casin cap 3, and com risin a valve casing 4 lowing a'removab e hea 5 at the inlet emi and a removable head 6 at its opposite and, the latter resting on one end of the cylinder 1 and clam firmly thereagainst by the ca 3 whic screws over the end of the oylin r 1 e ing head 5 of the valve casing, the latter 3 provided with a concavity 7 in its outer face and with an annular groove 8, and extending throu h the head 5 into the valve chamber of casing 4 are a series of intake openings 9.

On theinterior of the valve easing 4 is sliding fit with the exterior oi a. tubular valve 11 and to form a valve seat therefor.- The casinghead 6 also makes a sliding fit with the exterioro valve 11 and form a seat 12 therefor, the said seat 12 being pro vided on its inner side with an annular groove 13 which communicates through I port 14 vv-ith a port 15 in the valve casing. (See Fig. 5.) V

The vplve 11 is provided with I]; exterior annular flange 16, which makes a sliding fit with the inner walls of the casing included between the valve seats 10 and 12. Extem} ing transversely thron the ide walls' of this valve andthrou Sflidj ange, are a, series of orts 17 whic open into an annular groove 1 iii the periphery 0i flange 16.

Extendin transver straight through the side'wlls of the Van casm sets of exhaust ports'w and 20, wtormer leading from the space 21 between thecaaiilgf mtwo" head 3 and the exterior of the valve suing ports 19 emg preferably-in the saute horizontel plaz e as outletu 1-9Jin the 01M:

P 22 extepds longitudjnm the side walls of the valve casing, thence transversely thereof, opening through the valve-engaging face of valve seat 10. This port 22 is put into communication alternately first with the inlet openings 9 and then with exhaust through rts 19 by means of an annular groove around the exterior of valve 11. The cut-ofl' for the intake through the bore of the valve 11 1s el'- footed, in the case shown, by a cylindrical lug 24 formed on the inner face of head 5, having a diameter throughout a ortion of its length as at 25 suflicient to ma e a close fit wit the bore of the valve in one of the positions of rest of the valve and a reduced portion 26. This cut-oil may, however, be efl'ected by making the extension hollow and of uniform diameter and providing it with a plllurality of transverse ports 26 as shown in i .8.

Th upperend of the valve is beveled oil as at 27 to admit air pressure on the up er and of the valve to operate it as hereina er described.

Opening into the valve chamber between the seat 10 and the head 5 is a bypass 28 which extends longitudinally through the side wall of the casing.

The valve port 22 re teas with port- 29 in the cylinder casin e port 15 with the cylinder port 30, an the bypass 28 with the cylinder port 31.

The operation of the tool shown is as follows :-Beferring first to Fig. l, which shows the piston hammer as having started on its forward stroke, the valve 11 occupies the position shown, in which the motive fluid, air or other, enters from intake passage 32 in the cylinder head, passes through intake passages 9 thence into one end of the bore of the hollow valve 11 through sald valve to the piston 2. In this position of the valve, the exhaust ports 19 are open and the ports 20 closed. The n per on of the valve cuts oil the air supp y from the inlet. to the port 22, but the annular groove 23 places said port and the exhaust its 19 m communication, the motive fluid id om in frontof the piston hammer exhausting through ports 29, 22 and 19 as indicated by the arrows. The bypass port 31 is closed by the piston 2, until the annular vs 33 of the piston comw opposite the end of said port ope into t finder, when communication m be estab ad from said air inlets 9, through bypass 28, cylinder port 31, cyhnder port 30, port 15, to annular 'ove 13, introducing pressure hack of the 16 on the valve around the annular goove 13. The valve 11 is then driven t 0 position shown in Fig.2. In this positiouport 22 is placed into communication through valve groove '23 with the intake 9, and the motive fluid passes to to forward end of the cylinder through cylinder port 29.

At the same time the valve has opened the end of the cylinder back of the piston to exhaust. through both sets of exhaust ports 19 and 20, a grand increased exhaust area over that provide for the forward end of the cylinder on the for ward stroke of the hammer piston, the exhaust through the ports 19 and 20 taking place through straight passa cs affording the least possible resistance to t 1e air in passing out. For this purpose the exhaust openinps 35 in the casing head are located prefer- .ib y directly in line with the ports 19.

The valve 11 occupies the position shown in Fi 2 until the piston 2 has traveled far cnoug on its back stroke to open the lower end 35 of the port 30 to the cylinder. This 0 ens the space around the groove 13 back oi the valve flange 16 to atmosphere through ports 14, 15, 30, c linder forward of piston, and outlet 36. ihe pressure behind the valve being thus reduced, fluid pressure ontering through intake passages 9 will act upon the up or beveled end 27 of the valve and send it hack to the position shown in %he above described mechanism is extremely simple and easy to manufacture, and the ports are so arran ed that great ac curacy in fitting the vafi'e is not necessary. Moreover, b the arrangement of the admission and e aust ports shown I am enabled to attain an increaa in piston speed without injurious etfects to the mechanism, the said tool r quiet-lyl'land smoothlv.

While I have erein s own a specific cmhodiment of my said invention which has proven very satisfactory in actual practice still I do not wish to be understood as confinin my invention to the exact constructiona details of such a tool except where these are particularly pointed out in the claims.

What I claim is l. A fluid pressure tool, comprising :1 cylinder casing, a piston hammer arranged to reciprocate therein. and a valve to control the admission and exhaust of the motive fluid to and from said cylinder, said valve having a greater portarea open for the exhaust from said cylinder on the back stroke of the piston hammer than on the forward stroke thereof.

2. A fluid pressure tool, comprising a cylinder casing, a piston hammer arranged to reciprocate therein, and a valve to control the admission and exhaust of the motive fluid to and from said cylinder, said valve having a greater port areaoplen for the our liaust from said cylinder on t e back stroke of thepiston' hammer than on the forward stroke thereof and a ater intake port area open on the forwai stroke than on the hack stroke of said piston hammer.

3. A fluid pressure tool, comprising a cylcylinder, there being a plurality of inde- I boreto'tl're' exclusion 0 the first mentioned through the side walls of said casin an taneously and to allow inder easing piston hanunerarranged to reciprocate t erein, a valve casin having a valve chamber, and a valve move is in said chamber to control the admission and exhaust of the motive fluid to and from said pendent sets of exhaust ports opening'transversely straight through the said vs vs casing and allof said exhaust ports being opened simultaneously to the said piston cylinder on the buck stroke of said piston hammer.

4. A fluid pressure tool comprising a inder casing, a piston hammer arranged to reciprocate therein a valve casing having uvelve chamber, and a valve movable in said chamber to cmitipvl the admission and exhaust of the motive fluid to and from said cylinder, therevbeing a plurality of independent sets of exhaust ports opening transversely straight through the said va ve casing and all of said exhaust ports being opened simultaneously to the said piston cylinder on the back-stroke ofsaid piston hammer, and one set only of said exhaust ports being openedwto the said cylinder on the forward stroke of said piston.

5. A fluid presspre tool, comprising a' valve casing having a ssage in the wall thereof which serves a ternately as an intakeand exhaust port,-two sets of exhaust ports through the side walls of said casing, an intake opening through one end of said casing, a hollow valve open at both ends and arranged to, reciprocate in said casing said valve being constructed and arranged to connect said first named passage alternately with the said intake op'enlng and with one set of said exhaust openings, and to 'altern' e'ly open both-sets of exhaust ports sinni neously and to allpw the fluid roin saidt-intakeiopenin to passthrough its PF Q a v 6. A fluid pressure tool, comprising a valve casing having a'passa e in the wall thereof which serves alternate y as an intake and; exhaust port, tvvo sets of exhaust ports intake opening through one end of sai cas ing,a hollow valve open at both ends and arranged to reciprocate in said casing, said valve bein constructed and arranged to connect said first named passage alternately with the said intake opening and with one set of said exhaust o enings, and to alternately; open both sets 0 said exhaust orts simule flui from said intake opening to pass llll'iugll its bore to the exclusion of the filkt'lll ntioned assage. 7. A fluid pressure com rising a valve casing in which is forms a valve chamber, a tubular valve adapted to reciprocate m said chamber, the said casing being pr vided with two annular valve seats surrounding said valve, said valve havin 'rounding said valve, said valve having an exterior annular flange ada ted to reciprocate in the chamber forms in said casing between said valve seats, said valve being provided also with a plurality of exhaust ports passin through its walls and opening on the outside of said valve in the periphery of the said flange, said casing being provided with a portopening through the valve/engaging face of one of said valve seats, a plum ity of exhaust ports opening through the valve-engaging face of the other of said valve seats, and a plurality of exhaust ports opening into the chamber formed between said valve seats.

'8. A fluid pressure tool, comprising a valve casing in which is formed a valve chamber, a tubular valve adapted to reciprocate in said chamber, the said casing being provided with two annular valve seats surrounding said valve, said valve having an exterior annular flange adapted to reciprocate in the chamber formed in said casing between said valve seats, a head on one end of said casin having a plurality of intake openings lea ing into said valve chamber of said casing and provided with a cut-0d extension adapted to project into one end of said valve, the said valve seat through which passes the exhaust ports having an annular roove around its inner side wall, a port leading through the said casing to the said groove, and a bypass leading longitudinally through the wall of said casing and opening into the valve chamber between the intake head and the valve seat adjacent thereto.

9. A fluid pressure tool, coinprisinga, valve casing in which is formed a \vall chamber, a tubular valve adapted to reciprocats in said chamber, the sa d casing being provided with two annular valve seats suran exterior annular flange adapted to rec1pro cats in the chamber formed in said casing between said valve seats, said valve being provided also with a plurality of exhaust ports passing transversely through its walls and opening on the outside of said valve in an annular groove around the periphery of said flange, and with an annular groove around the exterior of said valve near one end, a head on one end of said casing having a plurality of intake openings leadin into the valve chamber of said casing an provided with a out-oil extension adapted to project into one end of said valve, said casmg being rovided with a port passing therethrou and opening throu h the valveengaging ace of one of said va ve seats and adapted to act alternately as an intake and exhaust port, a plurality of exhaust ports passing transversely straight through the side walls of said casing and opening throughthe valve-engaging face oi the other of said valve seats, a plurality of exhaust ports assing transversely straight through the side walls of said easing into the chamber formed between said valve seats, an annular groove around the ihner side walls of that one of said valve seats through which passes the exhaust ports, a port leading through the said easing to the valve seats and out through said exhaust ports opening into said chamber; the intake in other osltion of said valve taking place from said intake passages through one end of the valve chamber, by said. annular groove on said valve near one end thereof and thence into said alternative port, and the exhaust in said last named position said groove, and a bypass leadin longiof the ivalve taking place simultaneously 3o tudinully through the wall of saic easing through the exhaust ports which open into and opening into the valve chamber between the chamber between said valve seats and the intake head and the valve seat adjacent the exhaust ports which 0 en through the thereto, the intake taking place in one of the seat face of one of said va ve seats.

operating positions of the valve from said In testimony whereof I have hereunto set 35 intake passages into one end of the hollow valve and thence longitudinally all the way through its bore, the exhaust in said posi-- tion taking place through said alternative port in the Wall of the casing by the annular groove on the exterior of said valve near one end thereof, the valve chamber between said my hand in the presence of two Witnesses in the city, county and State of New York this 21st day of April 1908, l

FRED POTJZER. \Vitnesss:

Com B. GARDNER, ARLINGTON S. BOYCE. 

